What fibroids are
Fibroids are growths of muscle and tissue that develop in or on the wall of the uterus (womb). They're very common — many women will have them at some point, especially from their 30s onwards — and they're almost always benign (non-cancerous). They can range from tiny to as large as a grapefruit, and you can have one or many.
Because they're so common and often cause no problems, many women have fibroids without ever knowing.
Symptoms they can cause
Many fibroids cause no symptoms at all. When they do, common ones include heavy or prolonged periods, period pain or cramping, pelvic pressure or a feeling of fullness, a swollen or bloated lower abdomen, needing to wee more often (if a fibroid presses on the bladder), constipation, and pain during sex. Very rarely, large fibroids can affect fertility or pregnancy.
Heavy periods from fibroids can sometimes lead to iron deficiency and fatigue, so tiredness can be part of the picture too.
What causes them
The exact cause isn't fully understood, but fibroids are influenced by the hormones oestrogen and progesterone — they tend to grow during the reproductive years and often shrink after menopause. Risk is higher with a family history of fibroids, and they're more common in women of African descent. Being overweight can also increase risk.
If you have heavy periods, pelvic pressure or other symptoms, don't assume it's just 'normal'. A GP can arrange an ultrasound to check for fibroids and discuss options. A telehealth consult is an easy place to start.
References & sources
- 1.Uterine fibroids — healthdirect
- 2.Fibroids — Better Health Channel
- 3.Fibroids — Jean Hailes for Women's Health
This content is general information and not a substitute for individual medical advice. Please consult a GP for your personal situation.
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