What Hashimoto's is
Hashimoto's disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis) is an autoimmune condition where the immune system gradually attacks the thyroid gland. Over time, this reduces the thyroid's ability to make hormones, and it's the most common cause of an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) in Australia. It's much more common in women.
It usually develops slowly over years, which is why symptoms can be subtle and easy to miss at first.
Symptoms
As the thyroid becomes underactive, symptoms can include fatigue, weight gain, feeling cold, dry skin, hair thinning, constipation, low mood, and heavier or irregular periods. Some people also notice a swelling in the neck (goitre). Early on, there may be few or no symptoms, and it's picked up on a blood test.
Because these symptoms are common and non-specific, Hashimoto's is often diagnosed with blood tests (thyroid function plus thyroid antibodies) rather than symptoms alone.
Can it be cured or managed?
There's no cure that stops the autoimmune process, but Hashimoto's is very manageable. When it causes an underactive thyroid, it's treated by replacing the missing hormone with a daily tablet (thyroxine), which usually restores normal levels and relieves symptoms. Treatment is typically long-term, with periodic blood tests to check the dose. No specific 'Hashimoto diet' cures it, though a balanced diet supports general health.
If you have symptoms or a family history, a GP can arrange the right blood tests. A telehealth consult is an easy way to get tested and, if needed, start treatment.
Related condition
Thyroid health →References & sources
- 1.Hypothyroidism — healthdirect
- 2.Thyroid gland — healthdirect
- 3.Thyroid gland — Better Health Channel
This content is general information and not a substitute for individual medical advice. Please consult a GP for your personal situation.
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