What bacterial vaginosis is
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a very common condition caused by an imbalance in the bacteria that naturally live in the vagina. Normally, 'good' bacteria (lactobacilli) keep the vagina slightly acidic. In BV, other bacteria overgrow and shift that balance. It's the most common cause of unusual vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age.
BV is not classed as a sexually transmitted infection, though it's linked to sexual activity. It's not a sign of poor hygiene — in fact, over-washing can make it more likely.
Symptoms to recognise
The classic sign of BV is a thin, greyish-white discharge with a distinctive fishy odour, which is often stronger after sex. Unlike thrush, BV usually doesn't cause much itching or soreness. Many women have no symptoms at all and only find out when it's picked up incidentally.
If your main symptoms are smell and a change in discharge rather than itch, BV is more likely than thrush — but the two can be hard to tell apart, which is why testing helps.
How it's treated
BV is treated with antibiotics, either as tablets or a vaginal gel or cream, which usually clear it quickly. It can come back, so if it keeps recurring, it's worth seeing a GP to confirm the diagnosis and discuss ways to reduce recurrences — including avoiding douching and scented products, which disrupt the natural balance.
BV is worth treating, especially in pregnancy, where it can be associated with complications. A telehealth consult is a private way to describe your symptoms, arrange a swab if needed, and get the right treatment.
Related condition
Vaginal & vulval health →References & sources
- 1.Vaginal thrush — healthdirect
- 2.Vaginal thrush — Better Health Channel
- 3.Bacterial vaginosis — Better Health Channel
- 4.Vulva and vagina — Jean Hailes for Women's Health
This content is general information and not a substitute for individual medical advice. Please consult a GP for your personal situation.
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